Applications of artificial intelligence in medicine: a state-of-the-art review and future perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56652/ejmss2024.1-2.2Keywords:
artificial intelligence, foundation models, clinical validation, personalised medicineAbstract
This narrative review synthesises peer-reviewed evidence on artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine. We outline technical advances – most notably, large multimodal (“foundation”) models – and map validated applications across time-critical detection, ambulatory and bedside monitoring, surgical and imaging augmentation, and drug discovery. Using a lifecycle lens, we highlight dependencies on data governance, external validation, workflow integration and post-deployment monitoring. The analysis shows meaningful gains in earlier detection, efficiency and support for personalised care, alongside heterogeneity in study quality and persistent concerns about bias, equity and privacy.
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